Around the world, a new variant of COVID-19, known as XEC, is rapidly spreading. Derived from the Omicron strains KS.1.1 and KP.3.3, this variant was first identified in Europe and has now made its way to the United States. Infectious disease specialist Dr. Francesca Torriani from UC San Diego Health warns, “We expect this could become the next dominant variant,” as health officials brace for a possible surge in cases this fall.

How is COVID-19 Transmitted?

Transmission of COVID-19 primarily occurs through close contact with an infected individual. According to Dr. Torriani, “The main mode of transmission is through respiratory particles.” When someone infected with COVID-19 coughs, sneezes, or even speaks, they release infectious droplets into the air. You might inhale these particles, which can enter your body through your mouth, nose, or even your eyes.

Interestingly, COVID-19 particles can remain airborne even beyond the commonly held six-foot rule. Depending on ventilation, these particles can linger in the air for anywhere from a few minutes to several hours, as noted by Dr. Nezar Dahdal, a hospitalist at Banner Thunderbird Medical Center.

How Long Can COVID-19 Live on Surfaces?

While it's less common to contract COVID-19 from surfaces compared to inhaling contaminated air, the virus can survive outside a human host for a limited time. Dr. Dahdal explains, “The virus needs a host to actually be effective. It needs to be in the human body to multiply and spread.” On non-porous surfaces like glass and stainless steel, the virus can survive for one to five days. In contrast, it lasts about one day on cardboard and up to four days on wood.

Can You Coexist with Someone Who has COVID-19?

Living with someone infected with COVID-19 doesn’t inevitably mean you’ll catch the virus. Factors like a person’s immune system, the specific variant involved, and preventive measures taken can influence transmission risk. Proactivity is crucial: washing hands frequently, disinfecting shared surfaces, and maintaining cleanliness can significantly decrease your chances of contracting the virus.

Best Practices for COVID-19 Prevention

To shield yourself against COVID-19, adhere to basic yet effective measures such as regular handwashing, wearing masks in crowded places, and frequently sanitizing high-touch surfaces. Staying updated on COVID-19 vaccinations is particularly vital for those who are immunocompromised or aged 65 and older. Experts believe that the updated vaccines should provide protection against the XEC variant, as they are designed to target the circulating Omicron strains, thereby reducing the risk of severe complications.

Additional Precautions

To further minimize infection risk, ensure adequate ventilation by keeping windows open to enhance airflow. Whenever feasible, spend time outdoors rather than indoors with others. This approach helps disperse airborne particles and reduces the likelihood of inhaling the virus.

As the situation evolves, continue to prioritize safety and stay informed about necessary precautions as the XEC variant gains traction. Remember, adapting your habits can be crucial in keeping yourself and those around you safe in this ongoing battle against COVID-19!