A Decade of Change in Bangsamoro

MINDANAO: After years of conflict, the Bangsamoro region in the southern Philippines has seen remarkable strides since the landmark peace agreement with rebel forces. The area, predominantly inhabited by Muslims, has witnessed significant advancements including improved education, healthcare access, and economic growth.

The poverty rate has dramatically fallen from 52.6% in 2018 to just 23.5% in 2023, marking a turning point as it is no longer the poorest region in the country. This October, the Bangsamoro government is poised to host its inaugural parliamentary elections, paving the way for a new chapter in governance.

Echoes of the Past: Life After Conflict

Despite the progress, the shadows of a painful past linger. Tarhata Tarapas, a member of the Moro community, reflects on her journey from a time when she was denied the chance to become an educator. "We were always hiding, our rights suppressed," she shared, emphasizing the historical injustices faced by her people.

Now, as the principal of Sarmiento West Elementary School in Parang, she symbolizes the shift towards empowerment under the autonomy granted in 2019 after a referendum gave locals greater control over their resources.

A Call for Justice: The Need for a Truth Commission

The peace agreement in 2014 between the government and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) marked the end of nearly four decades of violence. Yet, advocates are pushing for a Truth Commission that would officially recognize the years of marginalization faced by the Muslim population. Concerns have been raised that President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. may not fully endorse such an initiative, given its controversial historical roots.

Fragile Peace Amid Ongoing Tensions

The region's peace remains tenuous, as sporadic violence continues to erupt. Recently, an attack on military personnel in Basilan resulted in casualties, highlighting ongoing tensions. MILF peace negotiator Mohagher Iqbal emphasizes the need for continued dialogue and friendship despite underlying issues.

Concerns for Indigenous Minorities

As the election approaches, there’s growing anxiety among the minority non-Muslim indigenous communities. Land disputes and political unrest have led to tragic losses, prompting the recent establishment of an Indigenous Peoples' Code aimed at safeguarding their rights.

Towards a Future of Security and Stability

The journey towards peace involves not just disarming fighters but also addressing the root causes of violence. International organizations are eager to aid the Bangsamoro government in providing incentives for civilians to surrender unregistered firearms. However, the prevalence of homemade weapons reflects a persistent gun culture.

Outside Bangsamoro, the Philippines has successfully dismantled the notorious Abu Sayyaf Group, with military leaders acknowledging that lasting peace cannot rely solely on force. Major General Leonardo Pena emphasizes the importance of building trust and addressing the needs of affected families. Many former militants have begun to turn away from violence, enticed by financial aid and opportunities for sustainable livelihoods.

The path towards a peaceful Bangsamoro is not just crucial for the region but for the Philippines as a whole, especially with the nation's aspirations for a non-permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council in 2027.