Overview of the Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak in Rwanda

ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia, 1 October 2024 – In a startling development, the Rwandan Ministry of Health announced an outbreak of Marburg virus disease (MVD) on September 27, 2024. As of September 30, there are 27 confirmed cases, tragically resulting in 9 deaths, with a disproportionately high number of cases among healthcare workers. Health authorities are actively tracking 297 contacts of the infected individuals who are currently under observation.

Collaborative Response Efforts

The Ministry of Health is proactively collaborating with various partners to combat this deadly virus, implementing rigorous preventive measures across all healthcare facilities. Contact tracing efforts are ongoing, and individuals presenting symptoms are being isolated for treatment. Rwandan officials are urging the public to remain vigilant, emphasizing the importance of hygiene practices such as handwashing with soap and the use of sanitizers, especially in close contact situations.

Understanding Marburg Virus Disease

Marburg virus disease is a severe and often fatal zoonotic hemorrhagic illness caused by the Marburg virus, typically transmitted to humans through fruit bats. Human-to-human transmission occurs through direct contact with the bodily fluids of an infected individual, or via contaminated medical equipment. Currently, there is no vaccine or specific cure for MVD; therefore, immediate supportive care is critical for those showing symptoms. The same infection prevention protocols used for Ebola and other viral hemorrhagic fevers are also advised for Marburg.

Support from Africa CDC

On September 29, the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) dispatched a team of experts to assist in the response. Africa CDC is coordinating with Rwanda and neighboring countries—including Burundi, Uganda, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of Congo—to manage the cross-border implications of the outbreak and refine regional surveillance strategies.

Upcoming Updates

Looking ahead, Rwandan Health Minister H.E. Sabin Nsanzimana will participate in an Africa CDC press briefing on October 3, where he, alongside Africa CDC Director General Dr. Jean Kaseya, will provide updates on efforts to control the spread of the Marburg virus.

Key Information about Marburg Virus Disease

It's critical to understand that Marburg virus is highly infectious and can lead to severe health complications. The symptoms resemble those of Ebola and can include high fever, vomiting, and bleeding. Given the absence of a vaccine, the focus remains on rigorous sanitation and health measures.

Conclusion and Call to Action

Stay tuned as the situation develops, and ensure to follow the health guidelines issued by authorities to protect yourself and your community. The stakes are high, and the fight against MVD is just beginning!