Understanding CWD

Chronic Wasting Disease is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy affecting deer, elk, and moose. Characterized by the degeneration of the brain, CWD causes severe neurological impairment, eventually leading to death. Once infected, these animals cannot recover, and there is currently no cure available.

Transmission and Symptoms

CWD is caused by misfolded proteins known as prions. These prions can be transmitted through direct contact between animals or indirectly through saliva, urine, feces, carcass parts, and even contaminated soil. Incredibly resilient, these prions can remain active in the environment for years, increasing the disease's spread.

The incubation period for CWD can extend up to 24 months, meaning that infected deer may not show any symptoms until they are near death. Common signs in the late stages of infection include significant weight loss (emaciation), excessive thirst and urination, and notable changes in behavior such as lethargy and aimless walking. In elk, symptoms can also include hyper-excitability. Sadly, many infected animals succumb to predators or vehicle collisions before they display visible signs of the disease.

Human Health Risks?

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) currently reports no confirmed cases of CWD transmission to humans. However, caution is advised, as there is a theoretical risk of transmission through consumption of infected meat. Notably, studies in primates suggest that consuming the brain or tissues from infected deer or elk can lead to CWD infection. Therefore, hunters are urged to take testing and proper handling seriously.

CWD Testing Initiatives in Michigan

In 2024, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (DNR) will intensify CWD testing, specifically targeting regions in the northern Lower Peninsula and the Upper Peninsula. Testing will occur in several counties, including Baraga, Benzie, Cheboygan, Dickinson, Grand Traverse, Houghton, and more. Hunters can easily drop off samples at designated sites that may include drop boxes, staffed submission locations, and partner processors.

For those hunting in areas lacking free testing facilities, self-sample kits are available in select counties, which include instructions and materials for sending samples to diagnostic laboratories.

Important Regulations to Keep in Mind

Hunters should remember that deer harvested from certain areas, including those outside Michigan, are subject to specific transportation regulations. For instance, unless certain conditions are met (like transporting deboned meat or antlers), deer harvested in specific counties are restricted from transport outside those areas. Always check the latest regulations to ensure compliance.

Disposing of Deer Carcasses

Proper carcass disposal is vital to prevent further spread of CWD. The DNR recommends using designated landfills or burying remains deep underground.

Voluntary Testing and Reporting Illness

Testing for CWD is encouraged, particularly in areas where the disease has been identified, but it remains voluntary. If hunters observe a deer displaying symptoms of illness, they should report it through the DNR's website.

Conclusion

As the hunting season approaches, staying informed about Chronic Wasting Disease is not just essential for hunters but for the health of the deer population in Michigan. Taking proactive steps to test carcasses and follow regulations will help preserve Michigan's hunting traditions for generations to come. Don’t let CWD put a damper on your hunting experience—stay vigilant and informed!